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Anthracene is a yellow, crystalline solid found in coal tar.
Complete this structure for anthracene, C14H10, by adding bonds and hydrogen atoms as necessary.
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If you would like to restore this structure to its original state, click on the drawing box, then click the button that looks like this:
What type of hybrid orbitals are utilized by carbon in anthracene?
Select answer:
1, sp
2, sp2
3, sp3
How many σ bonds and π bonds are there in an anthracene molecule?
How many valence electrons occupy σ-bond orbitals and how many π-bond orbitals?
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♦ Relevant knowledge
Sigma bond can be formed when atoms share an electron with each other, while pi-bonds form when the atoms share more than one electron with each other. Pi bonds are formed when atoms share parts in resonance too.
Draw anthracene’s structure and count the number of sigma bonds, pi bonds and valence electrons. Also, identify the anthracene hybridization of carbon-atoms.
You can identify the hybridization of an Atom by counting the number sigma bonds.
The hybridization rate is sp3 if carbon is attached to 4 sigma bonds
The hybridization rate is sp2 if carbon is attached to 3 sigma bonds.
The hybridization rate is sp if carbon is attached to 2 sigma bonds.
Anthracene’s molecular formula is [katex]{{\rm{C}}_{{\rm{14}}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{10}}}}[/katex]
[katex]\begin{array}{l}\\{\rm{Calculate}}\,\,{\rm{the}}\,\,{\rm{double}}\,\,{\rm{bond}}\,\,{\rm{equivalence}}\,\,{\rm{as}}\,\,{\rm{follows:}}\\\\{\rm{DBE}}\,{\rm{ = }}\,{{\rm{N}}_{\rm{C}}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{\rm{1}}\, – \left( {\frac{{{\rm{(}}{{\rm{N}}_{\rm{H}}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{{\rm{N}}_{{\rm{Cl}}}}{\rm{)}} – {{\rm{N}}_{\rm{N}}}}}{{\rm{2}}}} \right)\\\\{\rm{The}}\,{\rm{molecular}}\,{\rm{formula}}\,{\rm{for}}\,{\rm{the}}\,{\rm{given}}\,{\rm{compound}}\,{\rm{is}}\,\,{{\rm{C}}_{14}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{10}}}}\\\\{\rm{DBE}}\,{\rm{ = }}\,14{\rm{ + 1}}\, – \left( {\frac{{{\rm{(10}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{\rm{0)}} – {\rm{0}}}}{{\rm{2}}}} \right)\\\\{\rm{DBE}}\,{\rm{ = }}\,\,10\\\\{\rm{So,}}\,{\rm{the}}\,{\rm{compound}}\,{\rm{has}}\,\,10\,{\rm{double}}\,{\rm{bonds,}}\,{\rm{it}}\,{\rm{indicates}}\,{\rm{the}}\,{\rm{presence}}\,{\rm{of}}\,{\rm{benzene}}\,{\rm{ring}}\\\\{\rm{in}}\;{\rm{the}}\;{\rm{anthracene}}.\\\end{array}[/katex]
Anthracene’s structure is:
Hybridization costs [katex]{\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{2}}}[/katex]
26 sigma bonds
Pi bonds number 7.
52 electrons are valence electrons within sigma bonds.
14 electrons are the number of valence electrons found in pi bonds.
Ans:
[katex]{\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{2}}}[/katex] hybrid orbitals are utilized by carbon in anthracene.
Anthracene contains 26 sigma bonds as well as 7 pi bonds.
The number 52 valence electrons of the sigma bond is 52, and the number of pi electrons is 14.