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Select the intermolecular force(s) present in a liquid sample of each compound.
- Hydrogen bonding
- Dipole-dipole interactions
- Dispersion forces
Relevant knowledge
Intermolecular Forces in Molecules
Intermolecular forces are the appealing force between the molecules within a substance that keep them in place.
They play a role in the physical properties of substances.
They may be weak or strong based on the properties and structure of molecules.
The strong forces comprise hydrogen bonding as well as dipole-dipole forces and the weak forces comprise the London-dispersion forces as well as the dipole-induced dipole force.
Within a molecule, there are intramolecular forces. They influence the chemical properties.
Intermolecular forces exist among the molecules. They can influence the substance’s physical properties.
Van der Waals forces (London dispersion) are weak and are exhibited by all molecules.
The dipole-dipole interactions between molecules with net dipoles are mild and are exhibited by them.
Strong hydrogen bonding can be observed in molecules with O-H, O-H and H-F bonds.
The ionic compounds exhibit strong ion-ion interactions.
Ion-dipole interaction refers to the interactions between the protic solvent’s ion and its dipole.
Part (a):
This is the structure:
Part (b):
This is the structure:
Part (c):
This is the structure:
Part (a): This compound’s intermolecular forces are therefore dispersion forces.
Part (b): This compound has intermolecular forces that include dispersion forces as well as dipole-dipole interactions.
Part (c): This compound therefore has intermolecular forces such as dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions.