How to solve the problem of naming organic compounds:
Step 1: Select the main carbon chain. It is the longest or least carbon chain but contains double bonds, triple bonds, substituents, functional groups, etc.
Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the main chain from the side near the functional group, double bond, triple bond, substituent group, branch chain.
Numbering rules, in the following order:
+) Functional groups → double bonds → triple bonds → branch chains
+) For doping compounds, the priority is in turn:
Acid → aldehyde → alcohol
Step 3: Identify the substituents and their positions on the main carbon chain.
Step 4: Call its name
+) First name the substituents and their positions on the main carbon chain, and finally name the compound corresponding to the main carbon chain.
Note: The carbon chain must be continuous, with no other elements in between, for example: CH3-CH2-O-CH(CH3)2 has 2 carbon chains, both are straight chains.
+) If there are many similar substituents, combine them and add the word di (2), tri (3), tetra (4), penta (5), …
+) By convention: the number indicating the position of the substituent put before its name, the number indicating the position of the double bond, the triple bond, the functional group (in the main carbon chain) placed after.