The cause:

You have got this error because you did not set up xauth data for your system.

Solution:

This error is solved only when you obtain a GUI environment on a distant server by letting Ubuntu base on Windows 10 operate ssh -X. To do that, you have to go through a multi-step process:

Step 1: Installing an X server on Windows, such as Xming and using sudo apt install to set up ssh xauth xorg in Ubuntu bash.

sudo apt install ssh xauth xorg

Step 2: Access to the folder that includes ssh_config file, for example, my file is /etc/ssh.

Step 3: As an administrator, modify ssh config (USE sudo). Exclude the # from the lines ForwardAgent, ForwardX11, and ForwardX11Trusted in ssh config, and change the appropriate parameters to yes as the following:

# /etc/ssh/ssh_config

Host *
ForwardAgent yes
ForwardX11 yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes

Step 4: Delete the front hash # from the ssh_config file before Port 22 and Protocol 2, and add a new line at the end of the file to specify the location of the xauth file, XauthLocation /usr/bin/xauth at the same time. Don’t forget to insert your own path of the xauth file.

# /etc/ssh/ssh_config

# IdentifyFile ...
Port 22
Protocol 2
# Cipher 3des
# ...
# ...
...
...
GSSAPIDelegateCredentials no
XauthLocation /usr/bin/xauth

Step 5: Now, you have completed modifying the ssh_config file, let’s save it before you get out of the editor. Next, you have to access to folder ~ or $HOME, add export DISPLAY=localhost:0 to your .bashrc file and finally let’s save it.

# ~/.bashrc
...
...
export DISPLAY=localhost:0

Step 6: This is the final step. Your duty is restarting your bash shell, then launch the Xming application and you can operate ssh -X yourusername@yourhost. Finally, let’s delight with the GUI environment.

ssh -X yourusername@yourhost

Additionally, the issue is in Ubuntu which is a subsystem on Windows: