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Which of the following events increase respiration and which decrease respiration?
♦ Relevant knowledge
It is an organ that’s purpose includes the ability to circulate air between every part of the body. For humans and other animals the anatomical traits of the that comprise the respiratory system comprise the presence of lungs, airways as well as muscles for breathing. When the concentration of H+ ions in the blood increases, the animal’s respiratory process will increase the rate and intensity
The nerve endings that activate and inactivate the respiratory center sense the changes in P and O2 levels within the alveoli. The central chemoreceptors of the medulla obslongata respond to higher carbon dioxide levels more than decreased oxygen levels. Increasing carbon dioxide levels leads to increased respiration.
The peripheral chemoreceptors are responsible for detecting changes in PO2. They are located in the carotid and aortic bodies. A decreased partial pressure of oxygen (less than 50%) can stimulate the respiratory centre and increase the rate at which it breathes.
Hyperventilation is when carbon dioxide is exhaled at a faster rate. This decreases the partial pressure and increases the oxygen level. After a prolonged period of hyperventilation it takes longer to reach the PCO2, which is sufficient to decrease the rate respiration. Hyperventilation causes a decrease in the rate of respiration.