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Electrons are filled to the highest energy order within the orbitals of atoms. The outermost orbital with the n value orbital forms the valence shell as well as electrons inside it serve as the valence electrons of that element. The sum of values of the n + l value is the determining factor for energy differences between orbitals.
Subshells of an Atom are 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s and 3d.
An subshell is composed of one orbital. Each orbital can hold a maximum number of two electrons. Therefore, an ssubshell can only contain two electrons. An electron is represented as an arrow in the pictorial representation. The two directions of the arrows indicate two spins of electrons. One has +1/2 spin, the other has -1/2.
A p-subshell is composed of three orbitals. Each orbital can hold a maximum number of two electrons. Therefore, a p-subshell with three orbitals can contain a maximum six electrons.
A d-subshell is made up of five d orbitals that can hold a maximum of ten electrons.
The complete electron configuration can be written by denoting how many electrons are contained in an orbital. This superscript is then added to the orbital.
Here, 1s orbital has 2 electrons, 2s orbital has 2 electrons and 2p orbitals have 6 electrons. 3s orbital has 2 electrons, 4s orbital has one electron, 3p orbitals have 6 electrons, and last 3d orbitals have 5 electrons.
The complete electron configuration will then be written as
1s22s22p63s23p64s13d5
The atomic number of an element is equal to its total number of electrons within the neutral atom. If the configuration is a neutral atom, then the total number electrons in that atom would be (2+2+6+2+6+1+5 = 24,) 24 The element’s atomic number is therefore 24.
Chromium (Cr), the element with the atomic numbers 24 is
Name of element: Chromium